Discourse analysis of the novei mosm al-Hijrat ai-shamal by the operational method of pedam discourse analysis

Tayyeb saleh who is one of The most famous Arab novlists is one which is the work of vdastan in al-mvhajra to the north best Arabic novel of the 20th century and one of the most important times in the world and in fact it is a reflection of the conflict between the narrator and himself with the sudenese society from colonialism. Dis course analysis as a new method that explores the meaning of the text and its underlying layers is important in the study of this novel. In this article with the use of the operational method of discourse analysis of padam karman has been investigated which is designed based on five analytical (A)level –level depth-level level of depth depth of the deeper research which in each staye of meaning plays an essential role in transferring from one level to another level. Finally what to it is the interaction of meanings the interaction between the meanings of his semantic field the process of meaning semantic trans formation classical vocabulary discourse analysis padam migration season to Ashamal The discourse is derived from the ideas of linguists and hermeneutics researchers and the ideas of Michel Foucault (1922-1996). This method of analysis is more related to formalism, hermeneutics and structuralism in the approaches of literary criticism, but it pays attention to both aspects of analyzing the form and meaning of the text, therefore it is considered a comprehensive approach in the analysis of texts. "Discourse analysis has a more general and comprehensive purpose: on the one hand, it includes all kinds of texts and contexts related to them, and on the other hand, the discussion of theoretical, descriptive, and practical methods is discussed" (text analysis and discourse translated by Peyman Ki Farrokh, p. 13).

Discourse analysis is text analysis, but the text is not separate from the context. The importance of the context and the context of creating the text is not less than the text itself. For this reason, it is very important to pay attention to four basic factors in discourse analysis: 1) the author, 2) the text, 3) the reader and interpreter of the text, 4) the situation and conditions of the creation of the text (texture). In fact, in discourse analysis, it is very important to pay attention to words, meaning, and the external reality related to them, so that it is not possible to carry out discourse analysis without establishing some kind of connection between these three realms.

The method of discourse analysis can go beyond the level and vocabulary and reach the meanings hidden in the text. Among the methods of discourse analysis, Pedam's discourse analysis method is a methodical theory for analyzing texts. Pedam's operational method of discourse analysis is a new method for discourse analysis. This method is based on the processing of meaning, in addition, this meaning is formed on the basis of communication and communication developments that affect the text and the interpretation of the text. The main goal of this method is to operationalize discourse analysis and present a practical method in this field, which is in the form of a process of constructing meaning and reaching a semantic role based on the discovery of basic signifiers.

The current research relies on the descriptive-analytical method based on the model of the operational method (PADAM) to read the novel "The Season of Migration to the North" and to achieve this purpose, it first describes the discourse analysis and then about the operational model of PADAM discourse analysis, which includes five level, a brief definition will be provided. Then, the present novel is examined and analyzed in these five levels. The first three levels are analyzed by drawing a table and the next two levels are analyzed separately. Thus, this article seeks to find answers to the following questions:

1) How is the novel "The Season of Migration to the North" evaluated based on the five levels of Pedam's model?

2) What topics are more prominent in the deeper and deeper analysis of this novel? Tayyab Saleh's first long novel, "The Season of Migration to Al-Shamal" was written in 171 pages. This novel was first published in Arabic in 1966 and is a post-colonial Sudanese novel. This novel was written when Sudan was experiencing another revolution and this novel is a story of confusion between two opposite cultures. The contrast between East and West in this novel is highlighted to the extent that Mustafa Saeed refers to it in his romantic relationships and pleasures with European girls" (Nazimian, 1392: 13). The novel "Season of Migration to the North" was well received by some after its publication. and Tayeb Saleh became world famous with this novel during his lifetime. This novel is an example of contemporary and post-colonial Sudanese literature that introduces readers to the lives of residents of a remote ten in Sudan. And it narrates a framework of the problems of the Sudanese people in relation to the West.

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