Manifestations of Adonis's socialist humanism vision in the poetry collection (leaves in the wind collection)

Introduction

Humanism is a system of thought and belief that pays attention to human needs and seeks their solution through human reason instead of faith in God.

This term humanism, philanthropy, attachment to issues related to mankind was popularized in Europe in the 19th century and it was called a thought that emphasizes the inherent capabilities of man, this thought was in the opposite direction of the thinking of medieval Christians. Humanists considered man as a masterpiece of nature and creation and believed that man is the source and manifestation of countless moral, spiritual and physical capabilities and talents.

Socialism is also a set of political, social and economic ideas based on the belief that every person has equal rights to social values and strives to create a social order based on universal cohesion.

These definitions lead critic’s mind to the attitude that man, as a conscious part of the global society, uses language to express his thoughts, to communicate with other parts of this complex and to connect with a higher version of himself. In fact, various philosophical schools of thought have found a place to multiply and expand their ideologies in the field of literature. Humanism and socialism are each focused more and more on the word human and the position it has in the world and the impact it has on it or receives from it, and they flow through the word. So, we are dealing with three basic words: language, world and human

In this research, it is observed how the trinity of language, the world, and man is manifested in Adonis' poetry collection (Leaves in the Wind).

Methodology:

This research has been carried out using a descriptive and analytical method and a content criticism has been made with a structuralism approach and paying attention to the role of some words in the context of the text in relation to the entire poems of the collection of leaves in the wind. The coherence and connection of the components of Adonis's poems is such that it guides the critic with a holistic approach to a point beyond the common culture and linguistic components of the society, to find the hidden thought behind the work.



Discussion

According to George Yule; in a linguistic community that has a specific cultural-social definition, there is a kind of usage between proper names on the one hand and objects that are linked to them based on custom, on the other hand. In these cases, the message is more than the words that are spoken. Of course, referential expressions are also helpful in identifying the speaker's intended examples. Because every sentence that comes out of a person's mouth expresses the type of relationship he has with something or someone in his world and the value-meaning position of that relationship. Each value-semantic position has a language in harmony with it, and each word takes on an inner value-sense load according to its position. In this situation, language is no longer the only means of communication, but the world of objects with phonetic and semantic relations and relationships with each other emerges as a linguistic world for itself. That is, the language itself becomes a separate realm in which the game of new existence takes place, and all creative and verbal games and poetic works take place in this realm.

Adonis believes that "what makes our identity is not politics and economy, but the power of cultural creation, innovation is what makes the character and identity of nations, and is the nation's passport to enter the new world .he indicates in his poems to the prosperity of his land by creative and innovative people and is looking for a revolution to renew human beings and recreate life and create a better world.

Conclusion

In the poetry collection "Leaves in the Wind", man has an important position in a conscious way. In the poem of Adonis, there is a lot of emphasis on the freedom and choice and rationality of man and his existence as a history-making creator, in a way that it can revolutionize with the help of creativity and innovation and rise like a phoenix from the ashes of yesterday's land and destiny and build a bright and worthy tomorrow for itself and the ideal society. In other words, in the realm of Adonis's poetry and thought, man reaches a stage of his existence that can be said to have become a new myth.

Philosophical thoughts of Adonis have been expressed in an intelligent way by using the linguistic connection and association of words and topics such as land, work, child, tomorrow and future, death, life, wisdom, revolution, oppression and freedom from emptiness. According to what has been investigated, analyzed and described, it can be concluded that the result of Adonis' poetry and thoughts in the collection of leaves in the wind is, in a word, a reflection of socialist humanism

and considering that this collection was composed during a sensitive period in Lebanon (1958) and regional tensions, the interrelationship between literary developments (both structural and semantic) and socio-political developments evident in this work.