Examining the role of in-text metadiscourse markers, evidentials, and code-glosses in Al-Husseini Al-Saghir Journal based on Hyland's model

Introduction

How writers and speakers use metadiscourses is one of the debates raised in the review of texts. This issue is especially important in literary and media texts that are produced for children and teenagers.Meta-discourse does not only mean the appearance and form of the text, but also includes the interpersonal and cohesive characteristics that cause communication with the readers, organization of the text and its interpretation by the readers. In other words, metadiscourses allow writers to place the audience in an interactive and more effective space.There are different types of metadiscourses, which can generally be divided into two main categories: interactive metadiscourses and exchange metadiscourses. One of the most important types of these meta-discourses is exchange meta-discourse, which is used to organize information and improve written interactions.This type of metadiscourse can actually help writers to better identify the strengths and weaknesses of their text and establish a better relationship with the audience.Magazines are one of the most important media in which metadiscourse plays an important role. Especially magazines whose audience is children and teenagers, need special attention to these issues. One of these magazines is "Al-Hosseini Al-Sagher" children's magazine, which is one of the most recent magazines that targets children and teenagers



Method

In this research, relying on the descriptive-analytical method, the indicators of the previous role models, the later role models, witnesses and disambiguators in exchange meta-discourse based on Highland concepts in 40 issues of "Al-Hosseini al-Saghir" magazine have been investigated.This method allows the researcher to accurately and in detail analyze the way writers use meta-discourse markers and identify different patterns of their written interactions with the audience. Also, this analysis can help clarify the approach of each author to interact with the audience.



Conclusion

The results show that the magazine's authors and artists effectively used all interactive metadiscourse markers, including in-text markers, indicators, and disambiguators. Disambiguators were most frequently employed to ensure clarity for readers, particularly to address potential audience ambiguity. This demonstrates the magazine's successful use of diverse metadiscourse tools to establish effective communication. These tools enhance textual coherence, clarify concepts, and ultimately boost the impact of the magazine's educational messages. These findings are valuable for future research in textual and metadiscourse analysis of children's and teen literature, and can aid creators of effective content for young audiences.



Results

The findings of the present study indicate that the authors of Al-Husseini Al-Sagheer magazine have used all strategies, including pre-textual markers, post-textual markers, evidence markers, and disambiguators, consciously or unconsciously, in their magazine. By using these components, the authors have created a coherent, organized text, and by providing information and explanations, they have provided readers with reliable and clear text to help them better understand the subject. Among the pre-textual markers, post-textual markers, evidence markers, and disambiguators of the exchange metadiscourse, disambiguators have been used the most in this magazine with a rate of (61.47%). By using disambiguators, the authors of this magazine have provided readers with more information and explanations in order to provide them with a clear text and prevent their misinterpretation. Therefore, what was primarily important for the authors was to present a clear and understandable text to the readers. Evidence (16.03%) was used in this magazine to prove opinions and give credibility to the text. By quoting reliable sources, the authors not only gave credibility to the material they presented, but also gained the trust of the readers. The authors used the previous in-text reference (12.68%) in this magazine mostly to establish a connection between the text and the image and in some cases to refer to other parts of the text. By referring to the elements that exist in the previous one, they provided easy access for the readers to other items in the text. The authors did not use charts and tables in this magazine because this magazine is educational and aimed at children and used mostly images. The intratextual figures of the dimension (80.9%) were the least used in this magazine, which were used to establish a connection between the text and the image and in some cases to refer to other parts of the text. By referring to the elements that exist in the dimension of the text, they have provided easy access for readers to other items in the text; therefore, according to Hyland's idea, the disambiguating indicator of the metadiscourse dimension of the exchange is more prominent in the magazine Al-Husseini Al-Sagheer. According to the results of the analyses in the magazines of Al-Husseini Al-Sagheer, it should be stated that the authors have paid special attention to establishing effective communication with the child audience, guiding them, presenting a clear and understandable text, and also guiding them to a correct understanding of the content of the text by using these elements. These magazines can help in the correct education and upbringing of children. The repetition of these metadiscourse elements with a number of (2152) indicates the ability and success of the authors of this magazine in learning and raising children correctly.