کاربست نفوذ اجتماعی و پیامدهای‌آن در رمان «التوت المر» بر مبنای نظریه‌ی الیوت ارنسون در روان‌شناسی اجتماعی

A Study of Social Influence and Its Consequences in the Novel " Al-Tut Al-Morr " Based on Elliott Aronson's Theory of Social Psychology

EXTENDED ABSTRACT

Introduction

In the contemporary era, with the formation and spread of new sciences, new fields of discovery and innovation were opened up to mankind, the knowledge of which made the need for interdisciplinary sciences and knowledge more evident than ever before. The world of literature was not far from this issue, and with the formation of new literary genres, especially the novel genre, and also with the introduction of social and psychological phenomena and events, etc. into the theme of historical and realistic novels, the need for theories based on sociological and psychological sciences was felt for a complete and accurate understanding of the subject matter of such novels. Therefore, we are witnessing the formation of theories in the criticism and study of contemporary novels that have arisen from the relationship of these sciences with literature. Theories such as developmental structuralist criticism, sociological criticism, Marxist criticism, and postmodern criticism of the novel fall into this category. Since the novel genre, especially historical, social, and realistic novels, is considered one of the closest literary genres to the truth of human societies, by examining the theme and course of events in these types of novels based on the sciences of sociology and psychology, and the like, very useful results can be achieved that will give researchers and critics greater depth and clarity to their understanding of the events in the story.

Methodology

The present study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and a library method in collecting the desired data. Accordingly, the attempt was to obtain a proper understanding of the topic of social influence and its related behavioral consequences, and then examine the reflection of this issue in the novel " Al-Tut Al-Morr " based on psychological criticism.

Conclusion

The present study was dedicated to examining the social influence in the novel Al-Tut Al-Morr. The importance of this issue lies in the relationship between literature and other sciences, which leads to the formation of interdisciplinary sciences and greatly contributes to a greater understanding of literature and the hidden intentions behind the author's statements. In addition to a better understanding of the novel in question for its readers, this work provides the basis for understanding the hidden relationship between psychology and literature, and as a result, it also increases the audience's understanding of social and psychological novels. At the same time, this study provides the basis for conducting similar studies. Another important point is that many of the results obtained from this study can be generalized to the real world and, based on it, a model can be presented for a better understanding of human relationships in human societies to help better understand these relationships.

Results and discussion

In the course of events and incidents of the novel Al-Toot Al-Mur, three major human-social categories were evident, which were: 1. Emotional and human tensions in Abdullah's family due to his marriage to a disabled girl 2. The formation of the Youth Rescue Association in an effort to combat drug use in the village by its youth 3. Finally, Ibrahim's confrontation with his father due to his father's allegiance to the French colonialists and Ibrahim's burning of his father's shop. In each of these categories, the role of social influence and its consequences, such as acceptance, obedience, and conformity, were clearly visible. In this regard, it should be said that in the novel Al-Tut Al-Moor, social influence and its consequences are presented not only as a common feeling among several characters, but also as an independent language that organizes the fictional world. It is as if the real world in the novel is emotionless, flawed, and unjust, and the world of emotion is healing, meaningful, and ultimately saving. In this context, it was clearly demonstrated how social influence and its consequences are used at the heart of the story.

Conclusion

The present article was dedicated to examining the reflection of social influence and its consequences in the novel Al-Tut Al-Morr written by Muhammad Al-Arousi Al-Matwi based on Eliot Arnonson's theory in social psychology. In this regard, an attempt was made to present the definition of social influence and its consequences, and then to examine its reflection in the novel. In the course of events and incidents of the novel Al-Tut Al-Marr, three major human-social categories were evident, which were: 1. Emotional and human tensions in Abdullah's family due to his marriage to a disabled girl 2. The formation of the Youth Rescue Association in an effort to combat drug use by young people 3. Finally, Ibrahim's confrontation with his father due to his father's allegiance to the French colonialists and Ibrahim's burning of his father's shop. In each of these categories, the role of social influence and its consequences such as acceptance, obedience, and conformity were clearly visible. In this context, Abdullah, as the main character of this novel, is not a narrator or observer; He is the point of intersection of all these emotional currents; someone who builds a bridge from his own pain to understand another. If the elm berry tastes bitter, it is not because of despair, but because of the nectar hidden beneath the layers of suffering. And the consequence of the conformity formed in this novel is also in this harmony with the voiceless. Therefore, the main reflection of social influence in this novel can be considered the consequence of emotional conformity that emerges in a behavioral pattern with a problem-oriented focus at the heart of the novel. Emotional conformity and the consequences of acceptance and obedience are placed in later places and with weaker feedback.

Keywords: Social Psychology, Elliot Eronson, Social Influence, Mohamed Al-Arousi Al-Matwi, Al-Tut Al-Morr.