تحلیل نشانه شناختی رمان «عشاق» اثر رشاد ابوشاور

1. Introduction

Semiotic analysis of the novel Resistance seeks to uncover the hidden signs in the depths of the text, and this is possible only after solving its codes. The Palestinian writer Rashad Abu Shawar, with his deep realism, has walked the path of the Palestinian ideal and, by depicting the suffering and hardship of the oppressed Palestinian people, has played a role in the field of sustainability literature. The novel Lovers deals with the reality of Palestine after the Nakba. A reality that the author has touched closely and seeks to depict for the reader. The Palestinian man and his ongoing crises inside and outside the occupied territories form the central core of this novel. The components of the story, including character, time, place, and existing spaces, have a semiotic function, and the author expresses his ideas and position regarding the resistance in the form of these components. The purpose of this research is to show that the author sought to depict the stability in Palestinian cities, the heroic spirit, the patriotism of the Palestinians, both inside and outside the occupied territories, and the discovery of the conspiracies of the Zionists and occupiers, along with the slogans of freedom, a life of peace and tranquility, demanding the rights of prisoners and refugees, and keeping the ideal of Jerusalem alive.

2. Methodology

This research is organized based on the descriptive-analytical method. In the first stage, library resources, specialized articles and theoretical works on semiotics, semiotic analysis and novel semiotics were collected and reviewed. In the second stage, the novel "Lovers" was studied in detail and line by line to analyze the semiotic elements present in this novel, looking at its content. In the analysis stage, the following frameworks were used: novel content, title semiotics, character semiotics, time semiotics and place semiotics. This methodology has made it possible to reveal the deep semantic layers of the text and to show that the semiotic analysis of the novel, beyond the layers of the superstructure, deals with the deep structure of the text.

3. Results and Discussion

Each of the elements that make up a novel, including characters, title, place, and narrative time, are like signifiers that stand next to each other and form the content aspects of the text. The analysis of signs suggests that the signifier and the signified have complete unity and coherence, establishing coherence between the text and the author's view of the world and his ideology towards a subject. When the signifiers are placed before the audience, he seeks to discover the direct and implicit implications of the signifieds by reading the text, and these implications will help him to recognize the relationship between the signifier and the signified well. The Palestinian author speaks of places where he himself witnessed all the events that occurred there. The novel The Lovers tells the story of the beginning of the Palestinian resistance movement in the occupied territories in 1967 through a group of four young men from the Jericho camps, supported by secret companions, including a priest, a sheikh, a coffeehouse owner, and a garden guard. The element of time in the novel The Lovers, a symbol of memory in storing experiences, can be codified in the text. Historical time in the novel The Lovers enters the time period that the events of each part of the novel accommodate; ). The novel begins with the subtitle "Medina Qamar" meaning open space and then names other sub-locations, including: towers, homeland, Arabian Peninsula, Jericho, plains, Jordan River, desert, brick houses, orange and banana groves, lake, mud houses with wooden roofs, camp (Aqaba Jabr), Jerusalem, prison, Palestine, horse stables, governor's office, telecommunications director's office, schools, youth club, poor villages, and rich people's homes.

4. Conclusion

The results of this research show that the title for Abu Shawar has a close connection with the world of the text; because it is located at the forefront of the text and is the key to entering the world of the text. The title of Lovers in this novel does not have a superficial and direct connotation in the text, but rather has a deep connotation. In such a way that the language of the title creates lexical and hidden connotations in the collective memory and new connotations through the connection with the aesthetic structure of the text. This title plays a pivotal role in entering the text and relating to it. In such a way that the audience follows its semantic movement in the text through the key of the title. The semiotics of the characters present in this novel indicate that they all seek to keep hope alive in the hearts of Palestinian citizens. The hope of victory over the occupation, the realization of the Palestinian ideal, the dream of forming an independent Palestinian state and achieving lost freedoms. This novel and its various events and characters seek to draw a picture of Palestinian society during the occupation. Time in this novel is closely related to other elements and is used in the service of the author's ideology, namely stability and resistance in the occupied territories, and can be considered a symbol of the life full of suffering and pain of the Palestinians. The semiotics of various places in this novel, including the house, street, mosque, Jericho, Acre, Palestine and the camp, indicate the deep connection of these places with the structures and implications of the novel. In such a way that it interferes with other elements of the novel, including characters, time and even the title, and tells of social, political, intellectual and ideological implications.