خوانش جامعه‌شناختی سرمایه‌های‌ زنان در رمان صیف مع العدو اثر شهلا العجیلی براساس نظریه انواع سرمایه پیر بوردیو

Abstract

The novel is more influenced by the conditions of society than any other literary work, and it can reflect the social structure better than any other literary work. Accordingly, it has the greatest capacity to represent contemporary human life. Therefore, in this research, we have critiqued the sociological novel of Summer with Enemy by Shahla Al-Ojeili based on the idea of various types of capital by Pierre Bourdieu and relying on the analytical-descriptive method. Bourdieu's critical sociology, in addition to paying attention to the objective and structural dimension, considers the mental dimension of social life and takes a field-like view of the relations that govern social space. The sociological study of women's capital in the novel reveals the cultural inferiority of women in the light of the patriarchal system of men and reveals infidelity, which plays a significant role in destroying women's married life, as a negative social capital in their lives. And it shows that the most important themes of the novel's social capital are the sufferings of women's lives in the patriarchal context of society, which is strengthened by war and its consequences. The level of cultural capital in this novel is determined in direct connection with the war and especially the Syrian civil war. These funds are neither so frustrating as low-income women nor so promising that they can be considered an effective factor in various social and economic fields. A corner of the contemporary suffering of the Arab woman in the novel is seen during the lives of the characters in the novel, and shows the dominance of the patriarchal fabric and the common beliefs of the people of that society. The age variable in the main female characters of the story is a recognizing factor that, by dividing them into three different generations, depicts the needs and concerns of all three generations in the light of different economic, social and cultural conditions. The common social factor between these three generations that has changed the lives of all three is war. Grandma Lamis Karameh is the main character in the story, a woman whose life has been transformed by war and whose social and cultural effects have been devastating. Lamis's mother Najwa, who is ruined by the war of his life, and finally Lamis himself, who migrates to unknown aspirations with the loss of his mother and father as his most valuable social assets, and the war has left him with nothing but helplessness, homelessness and suffering. At the heart of these three generations of women, at the same time, we see the lives of Syrian women in the throes of patriarchal domination. Infidelity as a negative social capital has a significant role in destroying women's married life and the author has dealt with it from all social, psychological and cultural aspects and by addressing the pain of Carmen's life as a European woman whose life has been ruined by infidelity. Shows the common suffering of all women. The inferiority of women in the atmosphere of patriarchal domination is well portrayed in the life of the characters in this novel. Immigration in this novel is also one of the central themes of the life of the main character of the story, whose life has been overshadowed by war. The objective manifestation of religious beliefs is also quite evident as the embodied cultural capital in the lives of the characters of the novel. In general, it can be said that the most important theme of social capital in the novel "Summer with the Enemy" is the sufferings of women in the patriarchal context of society, which is strengthened by the war and its consequences. In this novel, the symbolic capital of love is seen in the lives of women in the novel. Due to its tragic and tangible content during the lives of the protagonists, especially in the field of women's problems and their social rights in Syria and during its wars, the novel "Summer with the Enemy" is a very good case for a qualitative assessment of the situation of women in this country. Is. According to Pierre Bourdieu's theory, which paid special attention to the capabilities of literature in depicting social situations; In this study, we intend to consider the capabilities of Pierre Bourdieu's theory in the field of social issues, which will be described in the following article, the frameworks governing the lives of female characters in the novel "Summer with the Enemy", especially the hero of the novel, as a reflection of Critique the social and cultural realities of Syrian society