واکاوی نماد و اسطوره در قصیدة «سندباد فی رحلته الثامنة» خلیل حاوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

2 استادیار گروه زبان و ادبیات عرب دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

10.22034/mcal.2023.15615.2108

چکیده

خلیل حاوی، شاعری لبنانی و داری معارف ادبی و فلسفی و راغب به مشارکت در فعالیّت‌های سیاسی است. وی تحصیلکرده دانشگاه امریکایی و فارغ التحصیل دانشگاه «کمبریج» انگلیس است. او در سروده «السندباد فی رحلته الثامنة» از نمادها و اسطوره‌های گوناگونی استفاده کرده که شرایط سیاسی و اجتماعی زادگاه وی و سرزمین‌های عربی در آن بی‌تأثیر نبوده‌است. این نوشتار به شیوه توصیفی – تحلیلی، کارکرد و کاربرد نمادها و اسطوره‌ها را در این سروده بررسی می‌کند؛ سندباد، همان انسان معاصر و خود شاعر است که در پس نقاب سندباد، به بیان تجربه خود می‌پردازد. در این سروده، غول، نماد نیستی و قیام است و شاعر با ارائه تصویری از جغد، از تظاهر و ریا در جامعه گله می‌کند. او از دشمنان با عنوان تمساح یاد می‌کند و خورشید را نماد آزادی و صداقت می‌داند و آتش به عنوان نمادی برای تطهیر و قدرت‌های مثبت و رستاخیز و تولد دوباره به کار برده شده‌است. خلیل حاوی از تاک و شراب به عنوان نمادی از حضرت مسیح و زندگی ابدی یاد می‌کند و آذرخش و اسطوره بعل هم، نماد خیزش و باروری است. به طور کلی کارکرد نمادها و اسطوره‌ها در این سروده، در راستای مفهوم کلی سروده‌‌است و کاستی و ناراستی‌ها را می‌نمایاند و در عین حال به غلبه و زدودن آن‌ها امیدوار است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of symbols and myths in the Khalil Havi’s ode " Sindbad Fi Rahelet Al-Thamaneh "

نویسنده [English]

  • mehdy nory 2
2 Assistant Professor of Arabic Language and Literature, Hakim Sabzevari University
چکیده [English]

Analysis of symbols and myths in the Khalil Havi’s ode " Sindbad Fi Rahelet Al-Thamaneh "



Abstract



Khalil Havi has used various symbols and myths in his poem "Al-Sindbad Fi Rahetha al-Thamaneh" which the political and social conditions in his native Arabic and territories have been effective in creating such a poem. This article examines the function and application of symbols and myths through the descriptive-analytical method in this poem. In this poem Sindbad is as a contemporary man who the poet himself is behind the mask of him, expressing his own experience. In this poem, the giant is a symbol of destruction and rebellion. the poet, by presenting an image of the owl, complains about society with pretense and hypocrisy, and remembers enemies as crocodiles. He knows the sun as the symbol of freedom and honesty in the poem, and fire is used as a symbol of purification, positive powers, resurrection and rebirth. Khalil Havi mentions grape tree and wine as a symbol of Christ and eternal life. Lightning and the myth of Baal is a symbol of rising and fertility. In general, the function of symbols and myths in this work, written in line with the overall concept, and reveals shortcomings and inaccuracies, but they hope to overcome and eliminate them.

Khalil Havi has used various symbols and myths in his poem "Al-Sindbad Fi Rahetha al-Thamaneh" which the political and social conditions in his native Arabic and territories have been effective in creating such a poem. This article examines the function and application of symbols and myths through the descriptive-analytical method in this poem. In this poem Sindbad is as a contemporary man who the poet himself is behind the mask of him, expressing his own experience. In this poem, the giant is a symbol of destruction and rebellion. the poet, by presenting an image of the owl, complains about society with pretense and hypocrisy, and remembers enemies as crocodiles. He knows the sun as the symbol of freedom and honesty in the poem, and fire is used as a symbol of purification, positive powers, resurrection and rebirth. Khalil Havi mentions grape tree and wine as a symbol of Christ and eternal life. Lightning and the myth of Baal is a symbol of rising and fertility. In general, the function of symbols and myths in this work, written in line with the overall concept, and reveals shortcomings and inaccuracies, but they hope to overcome and eliminate them.



Keywords: Symbol, myth, Khalil Havi, Al-Sinbad Fi Rahelet Al-Thamaneh.



Keywords: Symbol, myth, Khalil Havi, Al-Sinbad Fi Rahelet Al-Thamaneh.

Khalil Havi has used various symbols and myths in his poem "Al-Sindbad Fi Rahetha al-Thamaneh" which the political and social conditions in his native Arabic and territories have been effective in creating such a poem. This article examines the function and application of symbols and myths through the descriptive-analytical method in this poem. In this poem Sindbad is as a contemporary man who the poet himself is behind the mask of him, expressing his own experience. In this poem, the giant is a symbol of destruction and rebellion. the poet, by presenting an image of the owl, complains about society with pretense and hypocrisy, and remembers enemies as crocodiles. He knows the sun as the symbol of freedom and honesty in the poem, and fire is used as a symbol of purification, positive powers, resurrection and rebirth. Khalil Havi mentions grape tree and wine as a symbol of Christ and eternal life. Lightning and the myth of Baal is a symbol of rising and fertility. In general, the function of symbols and myths in this work, written in line with the overall concept, and reveals shortcomings and inaccuracies, but they hope to overcome and eliminate them.Khalil Havi has used various symbols and myths in his poem "Al-Sindbad Fi Rahetha al-Thamaneh" which the political and social conditions in his native Arabic and territories have been effective in creating such a poem. This article examines the function and application of symbols and myths through the descriptive-analytical method in this poem. In this poem Sindbad is as a contemporary man who the poet himself is behind the mask of him, expressing his own experience. In this poem, the giant is a symbol of destruction and rebellion. the poet, by presenting an image of the owl, complains about society with pretense and hypocrisy, and remembers enemies as crocodiles. He knows the sun as the symbol of freedom and honesty in the poem, and fire is used as a symbol of purification, positive powers, resurrection and rebirth. Khalil Havi mentions grape tree and wine as a symbol of Christ and eternal life. Lightning and the myth of Baal is a symbol of rising and fertility. In general, the function of symbols and myths in this work, written in line with the overall concept, and reveals shortcomings and inaccuracies, but they hope to overcome and eliminate them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Symbol
  • myth
  • Khalil Havi
  • Al-Sinbad Fi Rahelet Al-Thamaneh